Your spine is one of the most important structures in your body. It supports your frame, protects your spinal cord, and allows you to bend, twist, and move throughout the day. But did you know your spine is made up of different sections, each with its own unique function?
At Iowa Ortho, we believe patient education is key to understanding spinal health. Here’s a breakdown of the different sections of the spine and how they work together.
Cervical Spine (Neck)
The cervical spine consists of the top seven vertebrae (C1–C7). This section supports the head, allows you to move it in multiple directions, and protects the nerves that connect your brain to the rest of your body. Common issues in the cervical spine include herniated discs, cervical radiculopathy, and arthritis.
Thoracic Spine (Mid-Back)
The thoracic spine includes 12 vertebrae (T1–T12) and forms the longest section of your spine. It connects to your rib cage, providing stability and protecting vital organs like the heart and lungs. Conditions such as scoliosis or degenerative disc disease can affect this region, though injuries here are less common compared to the neck and lower back.
Lumbar Spine (Lower Back)
The lumbar spine is made up of five vertebrae (L1–L5). This section bears much of the body’s weight and is responsible for flexibility and movement in your lower back. Because it carries so much stress, the lumbar spine is a common source of back pain. Conditions like lumbar radiculopathy (sciatica), spinal stenosis, and disc herniations often occur here.
Sacrum
The sacrum is a triangular bone formed by five fused vertebrae (S1–S5). It connects the spine to the pelvis and plays an important role in supporting the weight of the upper body. The sacroiliac (SI) joints, which connect the sacrum to the hips, can sometimes cause pain when they become inflamed or dysfunctional.
Coccyx (Tailbone)
The coccyx, or tailbone, is made up of three to five small, fused vertebrae at the very bottom of the spine. While it doesn’t play a major role in movement, it provides attachment for muscles, ligaments, and tendons that help with sitting and balance. Injuries to the coccyx can cause significant discomfort.
Why Spine Health Matters
Understanding the different sections of the spine helps explain why back or neck pain can occur in various ways. Each section has its own role, and problems in one area can affect your overall health and mobility.
If you’re experiencing back pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness, it may be related to an issue in a specific region of your spine.
Expert Spine Care at Iowa Ortho
At Iowa Ortho, our spine specialists diagnose and treat conditions affecting all areas of the spine. From conservative therapies to advanced surgical options, we provide comprehensive care tailored to your needs.