Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint Repair
The acromioclavicular (AC) joint is where the collarbone (clavicle) meets the highest point of the shoulder blade (acromion). This small joint plays a big role in shoulder stability and arm movement. When the AC joint is injured, often due to a fall, sports injury, or direct trauma, it can lead to pain, swelling, and loss of shoulder function.
At Iowa Ortho, our orthopedic specialists offer advanced evaluation and treatment for AC joint injuries, including both non-surgical management and surgical repair or reconstruction for more severe cases.
What is an AC joint injury?
An AC joint injury, often called a shoulder separation, occurs when the ligaments connecting the clavicle to the acromion are stretched or torn. The severity of the injury ranges from a mild sprain to a complete ligament tear with visible deformity.
Common causes
- Falls directly onto the shoulder (common in cycling, football, or skiing)
- Direct impact during contact sports or accidents
- Overuse or repetitive stress, especially in weightlifters or overhead athletes
Symptoms of an AC joint injury
- Pain at the top of the shoulder
- Swelling or bruising near the collarbone
- A visible bump or deformity at the joint
- Weakness when lifting the arm
- Pain with overhead or cross-body movement
Diagnosis
At Iowa Ortho, AC joint injuries are diagnosed through:
- Physical examination: To assess shoulder alignment, range of motion, and tenderness
- X-rays: To evaluate displacement of the clavicle
- MRI or ultrasound: If soft tissue or ligament damage needs further evaluation
Treatment options
Non-surgical management
Most mild to moderate AC joint injuries heal without surgery. Treatment may include:
- Rest, ice, and activity modification
- Sling or shoulder immobilizer for support
- Anti-inflammatory medications
- Physical therapy to restore strength and motion
Surgical repair or reconstruction
Surgery may be recommended for:
- Severe separations (high-grade injuries)
- Persistent pain or instability
- Athletes or individuals with demanding physical activities
During AC joint repair or reconstruction, the surgeon realigns the clavicle and stabilizes the joint using sutures, grafts, or fixation devices. Over time, the ligaments heal and regain strength.
Recovery & rehabilitation
Recovery depends on the severity of the injury and the surgical technique used. Typically, patients can expect:
- Immobilization: Sling use for several weeks after surgery
- Physical therapy: Gradual restoration of shoulder motion and strength
- Return to activity: Light activities after 6–8 weeks; full sports participation within 4–6 months
Following your surgeon’s post-operative plan and therapy schedule is key to a successful recovery.
Why choose Iowa Ortho for AC joint repair?
- Board-certified orthopedic surgeons specializing in shoulder injuries and reconstruction
- Expertise in both minimally invasive and open repair techniques
- Comprehensive, personalized care plans from diagnosis to rehabilitation
- Advanced imaging and surgical technology for accurate, efficient treatment