Discectomy

A discectomy is a surgical procedure used to relieve pressure on a spinal nerve caused by a herniated or damaged disc. When a disc presses on nearby nerves, it can lead to pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the back, legs, or arms. A discectomy removes the damaged portion of the disc to restore comfort and function.

Why a discectomy may be needed

Not all herniated discs require surgery, but if conservative treatments such as rest, physical therapy, or injections fail to provide relief, a discectomy may be recommended. The procedure is often considered when:

• Leg or arm pain is severe and persistent
• Weakness or numbness interferes with daily life
• Symptoms worsen despite non-surgical care
• There are signs of nerve damage

How the procedure works

During a discectomy, the surgeon carefully removes the portion of the disc that is pressing on the nerve. The goal is to relieve pressure without removing more of the disc than necessary. Depending on the case, the surgery may be performed through a traditional open approach or with smaller, minimally invasive techniques.

Discectomy vs. microdiscectomy

While both procedures address herniated discs, there are important differences:

Discectomy (open discectomy):

• Uses a larger incision
• Provides more direct access to the spinal disc
• May be necessary for complex or severe cases

Microdiscectomy:

• A minimally invasive technique using smaller incisions and a microscope
• Causes less disruption to surrounding muscles and tissues
• Often leads to faster recovery, less pain, and shorter hospital stays

Your surgeon will recommend the best approach based on your condition, disc size, and overall health.

Recovery after a discectomy

Recovery time varies, but many patients notice improvement in leg or arm pain soon after surgery. Postoperative care often includes:

• Short hospital stay or outpatient surgery for microdiscectomy patients
• Physical therapy to restore strength and mobility
• Gradual return to normal activities, usually within weeks
• Restrictions on heavy lifting or strenuous activity during early healing

Discectomy care at Iowa Ortho

At Iowa Ortho, our fellowship-trained spine specialists use advanced surgical techniques to provide effective relief for herniated discs while minimizing recovery time. Whether you need a standard discectomy or a minimally invasive microdiscectomy, our team will create a personalized treatment plan to help you return to your active lifestyle.

Call Iowa Ortho at 515-247-8400 or schedule an appointment online today and take the first step toward lasting relief from back and nerve pain.